University of Tehran PressClassical and Contemporary Islamic Studies3060-73375120230101A Critical Review of Philosophy of Economics: An Islamic Approachتأملاتی انتقادی بر پایه دین به فلسفه اقتصاد1109060210.22059/jcis.2023.270272.1140ENMohammad RasoolAhangaranDepartment of Jurisprudence and Principles of Islamic Law, Faculty of Theology, College of Farabi, University of Tehran, Qom, Iran0000-0001-9117-8792Mohammad AminMalekiDepartment of Islamic Law, Faculty of Judicial Law, University of Judicial Sciences and Administrative Services, Tehran, IranJournal Article20190717As the outcome of human endeavors, the human knowledge is not free from mistake and error. The more the human moves in the path of science, the more the unavoidable events might happen, events that lead to mistakes with numerous grave consequences. As humanities are concentrated on the human, they are more prone to mistakes. The reason is that the topic of these sciences has the highest complexity. Just like other disciplines of humanities, economics is not free from mistakes. As a comprehensive plan for the guidance of the human in various aspects and backgrounds, the sacred religion of Islam expresses facts from various perspectives the consideration of which would be useful for the worldly and otherworldly lives of the human. One of the advantages that Islam offers is the expression of precious points that, if noted by economists, can be thought provoking and helpful for them and can be useful in decreasing the mistakes in studies related to economics. The study at hand focused on some critical thoughts about the philosophy of economics based on Islamic viewpoints. It was carried out via a descriptive-analytical method using library research data to explicate the criticisms against the philosophy of economics expressed from the religious outlook.https://jcis.ut.ac.ir/article_90602_52b6de33bd9faffd702aaa6149177cda.pdfUniversity of Tehran PressClassical and Contemporary Islamic Studies3060-73375120230101Critical Analysis of the Most Important Methods of Orientalists’ Revelation Studiesتحلیل انتقادی مهمترین روش های وحی پژوهی مستشرقان11218575310.22059/jcis.2023.85753ENBaqerRiahi MehrComparative Studies of the Qur’ān, Qur’ān and Hadith Specialized University, Al-Mustafa International University, Qom, IranJournal Article20210925The issue of revelation is one of the important and essential concepts of monotheistic religions that has always been considered and discussed by the thinkers of the Qur’ānic sciences. In recent centuries, with the increase of studies exploring Islam in the West, one of the arenas for the activity of the orientalists has been this hypothesis that some of the contents of the Qur’ān have been borrowed from the earlier religious and literary books. Explicating this issue is essential in order to prove the rightfulness of Islam and the Qur’ānic revelation as well as its superiority over all the other divine religions. Using the descriptive-analytical method and with a critical approach along with gathering and analyzing the organized data, the study at hand examines the most important methods of orientalists’ revelation studies, including the historical criticism which has developed in the realm of criticism of the Testaments. It covers a wide range of criticisms such as textual, formal, linguistic, literary, and so on. To the author of the present article, the methods of orientalists’ revelation studies are contrary to the Islamic thought, and each of their principles faces critical faults. The most comprehensive and firmest hypothesis that has been proposed so far as to the origin of the Qur’ān is propounded by the Qur’ān itself. It is a hypothesis which is supported by many narrative and intellectual reasons, and is the best account and interpretation for the truth (with all of its features) extant in the Qur’ān. Research’s findings show that Western researchers and orientalists have put forward the existing hypotheses about the origins of the Qur’ān by resorting to these principles as well as considering the similarities that exist between the Qur’ān and the former sources like the Torah and the Bible. None of these hypotheses are accepted by Muslims, and their claims contain mythological problems even based on their own foundations.https://jcis.ut.ac.ir/article_85753_5b8f05cb1b4754de1cccda1b60866e79.pdfUniversity of Tehran PressClassical and Contemporary Islamic Studies3060-73375120230101Capitalism From the Viewpoint of Islam and Liberalismنظام سرمایه داری از دیدگاه اسلام و لیبرالیسم23338932310.22059/jcis.2022.334307.1237ENSeyed MohammadShafeie MazandaraniDepartment of Theology, Jurisprudence and Fundamentals of Islamic Law, Azad University, Qom Branch, Qom, IranSeyed Mohammad MahdiBathaieDepartment of Theology, Jurisprudence and Fundamentals of Islamic Law, Azad University, Qom Branch, Qom, IranJournal Article20211121Since the constituents of an economic system are organized according to its goals, some might believe that the goals are common among all economic systems. However, this is not true, because most of the disagreements are rooted in the various viewpoints to the concept of the human and the human society blissfulness. This disagreement results from different worldviews with different principles. This article states that the foregoing goals are not the same in the economic system and capitalism are not at the same level, as the end goal of capitalism is a specific understanding of welfare, and the distributive justice and growth are considered as its mid-goals. Therefore, the article at hand addressed the end and mid goals of capitalism from the viewpoint of Islam and liberalism. The results showed that the concepts of justice, welfare, growth, etc., in an economic system derived from capitalism school is contrary to the viewpoint of Islam to the human and human society, because Islam has a different interpretation of justice, welfare, and the human and society blissfulness.https://jcis.ut.ac.ir/article_89323_c119c1ff19c6c3924eee2943a7676655.pdfUniversity of Tehran PressClassical and Contemporary Islamic Studies3060-73375120230101Investigating the Synchronicity of Instantaneous or Gradual Revelation with Bi‘thatبررسی هم زمانی نزول دفعی یا تدریجی با بعثت35448767410.22059/jcis.2022.329854.1213ENAmirJoudaviDepartment of Qur’ān and Ḥadīth Sciences, Faculty of Theology, Yazd University, Yazd, Iran0000-0003-1555-8464Mohammad HoseinBaroomandDepartment of Qur’ān and Ḥadīth Sciences, Faculty of Theology, Yazd University, Yazd, Iran0000-0003-0001-7817SamiyehShahbaziDepartment of Qur’ān and Ḥadīth Sciences, Faculty of Theology, Yazd University, Yazd, Iran0000-0001-8902-4401Journal Article20210901Some historians of the Qur’ān maintain that the <em>bi‘that</em> (being chosen as God’s messenger) of Prophet Muḥammad (s) synchronized with the beginning of the revelation of the Qur’ān while others deny this. In this regard, there is a difference of opinion among scholars as to whether the beginning of the revelation of the Qur’ān was instantaneous <em>(dafʿī)</em> or gradual <em>(tadrījī)</em>. Therefore, the authors of this article have tried to offer a new solution to this old problem in the history of the Qur’ān by putting these scattered answers into a comprehensive plan. To this end, all people and all useful reasons have been used logically in response to the problem. Then, it is shown that the date of <em>bi‘that</em> synchronized with the beginning of the revelation of the Qur’ān and this revelation at the time of <em>bi‘that</em> was instant. This instantaneous revelation, which has the quality of <em>‘amr</em>, preceded the gradual revelation of the Holy Qur’ān.https://jcis.ut.ac.ir/article_87674_fbd7d69e08ddc8299705a1ee278ee308.pdfUniversity of Tehran PressClassical and Contemporary Islamic Studies3060-73375120230101Critical Analysis of Orientalists’ Stance as to the Historical Trend of Legislation of Ḥijāb in Islamتحلیل انتقادی آراء مستشرقان در مورد سیر تاریخی تشریع حجاب در اسلام45589021210.22059/jcis.2022.349518.1299ENHasanRezayi HaftadorDepartment of Qur’ān and Ḥadīth Sciences, Faculty of Theology, College of Farabi, University of Tehran, Qom, Iran0000-0001-5481-9327MarziyeRajiDepartment of Qur’ān and Ḥadīth Sciences, Faculty of Theology, College of Farabi, University of Tehran, Qom, IranRoohollahShahidiDepartment of Qur’ān and Ḥadīth Sciences, Faculty of Theology, College of Farabi, University of Tehran, Qom, IranJournal Article20221005Ḥijāb is one of the religious teachings which has been explored from various perspectives, including the Orientalists who oftentimes have negatively looked at Ḥijāb as a limitation for women. To them, the Prophet was in agreement with the freedom and mixture of women with men. However, following some certain conditions like the insecurity in the society, the harassment of the hypocrites, and the insistence of some Companions such as the second caliph, the Messenger of God was forced to accept the decree of Ḥijāb for his wives and the free women as well as the separation of women and men. With a descriptive-analytical approach, the present study shows making divine decrees follows the wisdom of the Saint Legislator, and is not affected by the transient conditions. The revered Prophet (s) and therefore the women of the society willingly showed great concern for covering. To them, Ḥijāb was not a retreat, but rather – with choosing the black color for their covering – they sought more dignity for a more active, social participation. https://jcis.ut.ac.ir/article_90212_44594c282e88cb29207c15bcd22c4830.pdfUniversity of Tehran PressClassical and Contemporary Islamic Studies3060-73375120230101Narrative Models of Characterization in the Qur’ānic Storiesالگوهای روایی شخصیتپردازی در قصص قرآنی59688743710.22059/jcis.2022.338629.1261ENAbolfazlHurriDepartment of English Literature, Faculty of Literature & languages, Arak University, Arak, Iran0000-0001-8945-5666Journal Article20220208This article examines the narrative models of qur’ānic characters and characterization from the perspective of narratological approaches. First, the weaknesses and strengths of character-oriented narrative theories in the West (Propp, Greimas, Bremond, and Todorov) are pointed out in the light of the characteristics of the qur’ānic figures. Then, Chatman and Rimmon-Kenan’s views on character traits are expressed in more detail. This article also talks about the fact that qur’ānic figures sometimes correspond to these models and sometimes not. Then the typology of people and direct and indirect ways – as two indicators of characterization in qur’ānic stories – are mentioned. The direct method is done by describing the outward characteristics, and the indirect one is done by the action, speech, environment, and description of the external specifications of the people. In general, qur’ānic figures are a part of the plot and subject of the story’s actions, as well as people with natural actions. The Qur’ān has used these methods in a good way. These two methods are explained by mentioning some examples of qur’ānic verses. It seems necessary to slightly modify or expand the narrative characterization models concerning the qur’ānic stories.https://jcis.ut.ac.ir/article_87437_90c4f5407f0056f9389abe0ac6d4cea4.pdfUniversity of Tehran PressClassical and Contemporary Islamic Studies3060-73375120230101Analysis of the concept of righteous deeds and good deeds in the Holy Qurʼān based on Izutsu theoryتحلیل مفهوم اعمال صالح و حسنات در قرآن کریم بر اساس نظریه ایزوتسو69838767210.22059/jcis.2022.335321.1243ENAliQazanfariDepartment of Qur’ān and Ḥadīth Sciences, Faculty of Qur’ān Sciences and Skills, University of Holy Qur’ān Sciences and Education, Tehran, IranKhadijehAhmadi BighashDepartment of Qur’ān and Ḥadīth Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University,Tehran, Iran0000-0002-7900-7103Journal Article20211209Human's actions will cause his prosperity or misery in the world and in the hereafter. The Qur’ān has used a vast semantic scope to systematize and evolve the mind of the audience for its guidance. The present article seeks to analyze the semantic scope of <em>Hasanāt<sup><strong>[1]</strong></sup></em> (i.e. virtues) and righteous deeds in the Qur’ān in an analytical and descriptive manner, based on the Izutsu’s semantic theory - which, by investigating the vocabulary, reveals the Qur’ānic attitude to them. An examination of the semantic scope of these two words in the Qur’ān reveals that the concepts of virtues and righteous deeds are among the most frequently used Qur’ānic terms, among which the most general public relation is absolute, since the domain of virtues is general and includes righteous deeds and divine rewards. While some goodies are not righteous deeds. That is why words that have a definite role in building the worldview of the Qur’ān are called Qur’ānic keywords, and each of these words has sub-words with which the keyword is associated.<br /> https://jcis.ut.ac.ir/article_87672_90d13f666fc89043f384ae5355732b2b.pdfUniversity of Tehran PressClassical and Contemporary Islamic Studies3060-73375120230101Legal Jurisprudential Study on Christian, Jewish and Zoroastrian Superintendence on Muslims Endowmentsبررسی فقهی حقوقی تولیت مسیحی ، یهودی و زرتشتی بر موقوفات مسلمانان85958801310.22059/jcis.2022.329003.1199ENAbbasKalantariDepartment of Jurisprudence and Islamic Law, Faculty of Theology, Meybod University, Meybod, IranAzamEbrahimiDepartment of Law, Faculty of Social Sciences, Payame Noor University, Yazd, IranHosainKaviarDepartment of Law, Faculty of Administrative Sciences and Economics, Arak University, Arak, IranJournal Article20210826In the Islamic jurisprudence, being a Muslim is a condition in such cases as executorship and testimony. The question arising is that whether or not a Christian, a Jew or a Zoroastrian can be the superintendent of the endowments if the beneficiaries are Muslims. Through a descriptive-analytic method, this study first brings up the pieces of evidence for the impermissibility of Christian, Jewish or Zoroastrian superintendence and then proves the possibility of non-Muslim superintendence on Muslims’ endowments in some cases by means of juridical evidence. Indeed, designating a non-Muslim as a superintendent on Muslim endowments cannot be absolutely rejected. This is because the issue has different forms and each form has its own rules depending on the superintendent’s scope of authority, the type of endowment, the endower being a Muslim or a non-Muslim, and the existence of any superintendent already appointed by the endower.https://jcis.ut.ac.ir/article_88013_80178fdbaa62b57271488ee729030a82.pdfUniversity of Tehran PressClassical and Contemporary Islamic Studies3060-73375120230101Requirements of Qur’ānic Theorizing: A Thematic Interpretation Approachبایسته های نظریه پردازی قرآنی: رویکرد تفسیر موضوعی971098556010.22059/jcis.2023.85560ENUmidQurbankhaniDepartment of Comparative Interpretation of the Qur’ān, Faculty of Theology, University of Qom, Qom, Iran0000-0001-9363-9222ZahraAlimoradiDepartment of Islamic Studies Teaching, Faculty of Islamic Studies and Thought, University of Tehran, Tehran, IranAliFathiDepartment of Qur’ānic Studies, Research Institute of Ḥawza and University, Qom, Iran0000-0003-3843-2493Journal Article20210629Given that many schools of thought in today’s world theorize on different aspects of human life, undoubtedly one of the most important tasks of modern exegetes is to extract theories of the Qur’ān in various fields. This paper deals with one of the most important fundamental issues in this regard, i.e., the criteria and norms that a standard qur’ānic theory should have. For this purpose, first the research literature is explained, and then the characteristics of theory in the general sense (i.e., scientific theory) are enumerated. Afterwards, the requirements of qur’ānic theorizing are mentioned and explicated. Since the best way to discover the qur’ānic view of a subject is the method of thematic interpretation, this paper believes that the process of discovering the theory of the Qur’ān about an issue (that is, qur’ānic theorizing) follows the same method. Accordingly, some of the requirements of qur’ānic theorizing found in this study include avoiding the interference of any prejudice, conducting the systematization of qur’ānic teachings, being up-to-date and forward-looking, having fluency and clarity of expression, and having congruence with other definite facts and theories.https://jcis.ut.ac.ir/article_85560_eeb1cb3b74e9bca89e3b5e3848b88b51.pdfUniversity of Tehran PressClassical and Contemporary Islamic Studies3060-73375120230101Reflection of Religious Issues in the Iranian Press: A Content Analysis of Kayhān and Iṭṭilā‘āt Newspapers in Muḥarram (1956-2006)بازتاب مسائل دینی در مطبوعات معاصر ایران
تحلیل محتوای روزنامه های کیهان و اطلاعات در ماه محرم (1335- 1385)1111238944410.22059/jcis.2022.341017.1272ENHosseinAfkhamiDepartment of Communication Sciences, Faculty of Communication Sciences, Allameh Tabataba’i University, Tehran, IranAtiyehPirhadiDepartment of Communication Sciences, Faculty of Communication Sciences, Allameh Tabataba’i University, Tehran, Iran0000-0001-7252-8427MasoudTaqiabadiDepartment of Communication Sciences, Faculty of Communication Sciences, Allameh Tabataba’i University, Tehran, Iran0000-0001-9842-9179Journal Article20220407As a medium that different segments of society can access, the newspaper plays a vital role in educating and promoting the culture and values that govern society. Correspondingly, religion had an important place among the Iranian people before the Islamic Revolution of 1979. This study set out to examine the religious content of Kayhān and Iṭṭilā‘āt newspapers in the first thirteen days of Muḥarram in the years 1956, 1966, 1976, 1986, 1996, and 2006. In this study, 118 newspapers were analyzed, and 1126 religious items were extracted using the quantitative content analysis method. All items were coded for religious content, and the results were analyzed using SPSS software. Findings showed a significant difference between the Pahlavi and the Islamic Republic periods in the publication of religious content. While the use of news style increased in the first three decades after the Revolution, religious advertisements decreased in this period. Topics such as narrations, mourning observances, and praise of religious leaders have increased in the years after the revolution. The articles published during the Pahlavi era mainly had an educational and religious proselytizing function, while the newspaper content in the post-revolutionary period has been comprise of news about religious events and praise of religious leaders.https://jcis.ut.ac.ir/article_89444_15a4eb39f2ed60eda8956c53a8c3586e.pdfUniversity of Tehran PressClassical and Contemporary Islamic Studies3060-73375120230101Authority of Knowledge in Early Shī‘īsm: The Contribution of Imam al-Ṣādiq to Conceptualizing the sunnaحجیت علم در تشیع اولیه: سهم امام صادق(ع) در مفهومسازی سنت1251348968510.22059/jcis.2022.343759.1284ENSeyed Mohammad HadiGeramiDepartment of Shia Hadith Studies, Qur’anic Studies Center, Institute for humanities and cultural studies, Tehran, IranJournal Article20220531The way through which Imāmī Shī‘a attribute their teachings to the Prophet Mohammad is the starting point to study early Shī‘ī intellectual history. The most famous and important Shī‘ī Imams, namely Mohammad al-Baqīr and Ja‘far al-Ṣādiq, proposed the principles of Shī‘ī thought in the first half of the second century; accordingly, they encountered problematic situations when being asked about how they accessed the Prophet's knowledge. Even though Imam al-Ṣādiq put great emphasis on the <em>sunna </em>of the Prophet, at the same time he criticized both the Traditionists and Aṣḥāb-u-Ra’y. He tried to show how his access to the <em>sunna</em> of the Prophet is not akin to what others claim. Most of the Traditionists were not able to engage in and discuss the various issues with Imam al-Ṣādīq, as he considered himself to be the Prophet's descendant who was also his only true successor. Hence, he tried to introduce himself as the only authority who could correctly interpret the <em>sunna</em> of the Prophet. In this study, I will attempt to explore the <em>sunna </em>discourse in the early Jaʻfarī school. It will be investigated how this early school conceptualized the notion of <em>sunna</em> in light of the <em>imāmah</em> doctrine and vice versa.https://jcis.ut.ac.ir/article_89685_269a23be07783a21b431ff2fb4729f83.pdfUniversity of Tehran PressClassical and Contemporary Islamic Studies3060-73375120230101The Damages of Fabricating Medical Narrations to Religion and Health: History and Scopeآسیب جعل روایات طبی به دین و سلامت؛ تاریخچه و گستره آن1351438878310.22059/jcis.2022.347010.1295ENSeyyed MajidHosseiniDepartment of Qur’ān and Ḥadīth Sciences, Faculty of Theology, Meybod University, Meybod, Iran.YahyaMirhoseiniDepartment of Qur’ān and Ḥadīth Sciences, Faculty of Theology, Meybod University, Meybod, Iran.0000-0001-5695-8267Ali MohammadMirjaliliDepartment of Qur’ān and Ḥadīth Sciences, Faculty of Theology, Meybod University, Meybod, Iran.0000-0003-2021-9360Journal Article20220810Medicine has an important place in human life. If this field is linked to religious beliefs or medical and health issues are attributed to religious leaders, they will be of more interest and acceptability to religious people. In this case, medical statements will go beyond worldly statements and take up a divine identity. Nonetheless, it is necessary to be aware of the damages of including medical statements in religious texts and to avoid fabricated health narrations by examining the history and truthfulness of those statements as well as controlling their quantity. A review of the Ḥadīth heritage shows that the topics in medicine and health make up a significant part of traditions, or religious narrations, and the frequency of fabricated medical statements that have slipped through traditions is considerable. In general, the damage caused by fabricated medical narrations can be viewed in the two areas of Sharī’a (religious law) and health. The most important health damages stem from wrong prescriptions and prolonged treatment periods. Incorrect advice may cause the illness or even the death of a person. As for religious beliefs and convictions, one may refer to damages such as disfiguring the beautiful face of Sharī’a, casting doubts on the validity of correct religious teachings, and damaging the beliefs of religious people.https://jcis.ut.ac.ir/article_88783_8cf6517690fea7c336e6bb5c99f41c15.pdf