Revisiting the Philosophy of the Self (Khudi) in the Thought of Muhammad Iqbal and Its Role in Reconstructing Individual and Collective Muslim Identity

Document Type : Scholary

Authors

1 Department of History, Faculty of Humanities, Arak University, Arak,Iran

2 Department of History, Faculty of Humanities, Arak University, Arak,Iran Arak, Iran

Abstract

The philosophy of the “Self” (Khudi) in the thought of Muhammad Iqbal is one of his most central concepts, developed in response to the crises of identity, cultural decline, and colonial domination experienced by Muslims. Drawing inspiration from the Qur’an and Islamic tradition, and critically engaging with Islamic mysticism and Western philosophy, Iqbal presents the Self as a dynamic and creative force. This force achieves perfection through love, willpower, independence, patience, and moral courage, fostering both individual development and the collective revival of Muslim societies. This study, employing a descriptive-analytical approach, examines the place of the philosophy of the Self in Iqbal’s intellectual system and explores its potential as a framework for reconstructing individual and collective Muslim identity. Findings indicate that Iqbal’s philosophy of the Self extends beyond personal growth, establishing deep connections with social and political awakening. It provides an effective model for fostering self-confidence, overcoming passivity, and revitalizing the civilizational capacities of the Muslim community.

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References

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Classical and Contemporary Islamic Studies
Volume 8, Issue 2
July 2026
Pages 205-218

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