This study presents a comprehensive bibliometric and thematic analysis of research related to the concept of “Islamic Government” based on data extracted from the Scopus database. A total of 110 articles published up to 2025 were reviewed using the search term “Islamic government” in the title, abstract, or keywords. The findings indicate a steady growth in scholarly interest after 2000, with the highest publication peak in 2024. The analysis also shows that Iranian, American, and Indonesian institutions have played a leading role in this field, while English remains the dominant language of publication. Thematically, the research is concentrated in areas such as political Islam, Islamic economics, cultural studies, human rights, and governance theory. The study further identifies nine principal thematic domains in the literature, with “Political Islam and Developments in the Islamic World” emerging as the most prominent category. At the same time, the analysis reveals that a considerable portion of the existing literature presents inaccurate or distorted interpretations of the concept of Islamic government. Overall, this study provides insight into the evolving academic landscape surrounding Islamic government and highlights areas for future interdisciplinary research.