An Investigation of the Impact of Ecology and the Role of Environmental Factors on Human Morality and Behavior from the Viewpoint of the Qur’ān and Nahj al-Balāgha

Document Type : Scholary

Authors

1 MA holder, al-Zahra University, Tehran, Iran

2 Assistant Professor, the Department of Qur’ān and Ḥadīth Sciences, al-Zahra University, Tehran, Iran

Abstract

Attention paid by the divine religions to the refinement of human morality and behavior has accentuated the necessity for investigating the role of environmental factors, in line with the orders of the Noble Qur’ān and Nahj al-Balāgha. In this regard, figuring out the doctrinal and practical principles of these two precious books depicts the dos and don’ts that should be formed for the environmental factors to refine the behavior. Ecological basics of the Qur'ān and Nahj al-Balāgha and the role, effect, and importance of environmental factors in refining the human morality have been explored in this article with a descriptive-analytical method. Ecology studies the effect of geographical and social factors on human thoughts and morality. According to the ecological application of the Qur’ān and Nahj al-Balāgha, the effects of natural and social environments do not change the basic principles of human nature like free will, but they bring about etiquettes, customs, and rules that can influence all life aspects of people. Therefore, individuals who live in an improper and polluted environment are away from divine forgiveness, and the only way considered for them to be freed and saved is that they desert and leave that environment.     

Keywords

References

The Noble Qur’ān.
Nahj al-Balāgha (1993), Translated by Muḥammad Dashtī, Qom, Nasīm Kuthar Publications.
Āmulī, A. J. (1976), The translation of interpretation of Nahj al-Balāgha. n.p., cultural and social affairs of Astān Quds Raḍawī.
Ardakānī, M., R. (2009), Public ecology. Tehrān, Tehrān University Publications
Aristotle (1979), Republic. Translated by ῌamīd ‘Ināyat, n.p., Pocket Books Corporate Publications.
Ibn Sīnā, ῌ. (1991), Rules of medicine, the  first book. Translated by ‘Abd al-Raḥmān Sharafkandī, n.d., Sūrūsh.
Baḥrānī, M. (1996), The translation of the interpretation of Nahj al-Balāgha. Translated by Qurbān ‘Alī Muḥammadī Muqaddam and ‘Alī Aṣghar Nawāī Yaḥyā Zādih, Mashhad, the foundation of Islamic researches of Astān Quds Raḍawī.
Id. (1987), Ikhtī           ār Miṣbāḥ al-Sālikīn. Edited by Muḥammad Hādī Amīnī, Mashhad, the foundation of Islamic researches of Astān Quds Raḍawī.
Barber, J. & Smith, M. (1994), The nature of foreign policy. Translated by ῌusein Sief Zādih, Tehran, Qūmis Publications.
Beihaqī Keīdarī, Q. M. (1996), ῌadāiq al-ῌaqāīq fī Sharḥ Nahj al-Balāgha. Edited by ‘Azīz Allāh ‘Aṭārudī, Qom, Nahj al-Balāgha foundation (‘Aṭārud Publications).
ῌuseinī Shīrāzī, M. (n.d.), the explanation of Nahj al-Balāgha. Tehran, Dār al-Turāth al-Shī‘a
Ibn Abī al-ῌadīd, ‘A, A. (1998), the interpretation of Nahj al-Balāgha. Edited by Muḥammad Abulfaḍl Ibrāhīm, Qom, the Public Library of Mar‘ashī Najafī.
Ibn Khaldūn, ‘A., M. (n.d.), the introduction of Ibn Khaldūn. Beirut, Dār al-Turāth al-‘Arabī.
Islāmpūr & ‘Askarī (2010), the environment in Islam. n.d., the center of Islamic research of IRIB
Islāmpūr, Karīmī, & ‘Asgarī (2010), The effect of healthy environment on the human in Islamic teachings. Pāsdār Islam, No. 300, p. 41.
Ja‘farī, M. T. (2009), Translation and interpretation of Nahj al-Balāgha. Tehran, the Institute of the Compilation and Publication of the Works of ‘Allāmih Ja‘farī.
Ja‘farī Nā’īnī, A. (1993), Ibn Heītham. Islamic encyclopedia, edited by Kāẓim Mūsawī Bujnūrdī, Tehran, the Center of the Great Islamic Encyclopedia , vol. 5: 127-138.
Ja‘farī, Y. (1997), The interpretation of Kuthar, n.p. , ῌijrat Publications.
Kamari’ī, M. B. (1977), Minhāj al-Barā‘h fī Sharh Nahj al-Balāgha. Edited by Ibrāhīm Mīānjī, Tehran, Maktab al-Islāmiah.  
Karimī Yazdī, ῌ. (n.d.), The science of ecology from the view of Imām ‘Alī (a). The Website of the Center of the researches of Hygiene and Religion, http://crsm.muq.ac.ir/index.aspx?siteid.
Makārim Shīrāzī, N. (1996), The message of the Commander of the Faithful (a) : a new and comprehensive interpretation on Nahj al-Balāgha. Tehran, Dār al-Kutub al-Islāmīyyah.
Montesquieu, Sh. (1955), The soul of rules. Translated by ‘Alī Akbar Muhtadī, Tehran, the Press Office of Ṣafī ‘Alīshāh.
Mudarris Waḥīd, A. (1979), Sharḥ Nahj al-Balāgha. Qom, n.p.
Mughnīyah, M., J. (2003), Tafsīr al-Kāshif. Tehran, Dār al-Kutub al-Islāmīyyah.
Mūsawī, ’A., ’A. (1956), The interpretation of Nahj al-Balāgha. Beirut, Dār al-Rasūl al-Akram.
Muṣṭafawī, ῌ. (2001), Tafsīr rushan. Tehran, the Center of Nashr Kitāb.  
Ibid. (1939), Fī Ẓilāl Nahj al-Balāgha. Beirut, Dār al-‘Ilm Lilmalā‘īn.
Naqawī Qā’inī Khurāsānī, M. T. (n.d.), Miftāḥ al-sa‘ādah fī Sharh Nahj al-Balāgha. Tehran, Maktabat al-Muṣtafawī.
Nawwāb Lāhījānī, M. B. (n.p.), The interpretation of Nahj al-Balāgha. Tehran, Akhawān  Kitābchī.s
Nuqrih Kār, ’A.; Ḥamzih Nezhād, M. and Dihqānī Taftī (2010), «Investigating the effect of the natural environment on behavior and morality from the view of Islamic thinkers and its outcomes in planning artificial environment». Armānshahr, No. 5, pp. 79-96.
Pūr Shāfī‘ī, H. & Afāqī F. (2014), «The effect of the natural environment on the behavior from the viewpoint of Qur’ān, Nahj al-Balāgha, and Muslim scholars». The second national conference of planning, protecting, and supporting the environment and sustainable development, Islamic Azad University of Birjand.
Qirā’atī, M. (2004), Tafsīr nūr. Tehran, the Cultural Center of Lessons from Qur’ān.
Rāwandī, Q. (1985), Menhāj al-Barā‘ah fī Sharḥ Nahj al-Balāgha. Edited by ‘Abd al-LaṭĪf Kūh Kamarī, Qom, the Public Library of Mar‘ashī Najafī.
Riḍā’ī Iṣfahānī, M. A. (2008), Tafsīr Qur’ān Mehr. Qom, the Publication of Interpretation Researches and Qur’ānic Sciences.
Rodgers, A. (1996), Hygiene and human ecology. Translated by Sīāwash Agāh, n.p., the Institute of Social Studies and Researches.
Ṭabāṭabā’ī, M. ῌ. (1996), Al-Mīzān fī tafsīr al-Qur’ān. Qom, The office of Islamic Publications affiliated to the Jāmi‘ah Mudarrisin of Qom ῌawzah. 
Ṭabrisī, F. (1993), Majm‘a al-Bayān Liulūm al-Qur’ān. Tehran, Nāṣir Khusru.
Ṭaliqānī, M. (2001), A beam of Nahj al-Balāgha. Translated by Muḥammad Mahdī Ja‘farī, Tehran, Ministry of Culture and Islamic Guidance.
Ṭayyib, A. (1999), Atyab al-bayān fī Tafsīr al-Qur’ān. Tehran, Islam Publications.
Zuḥeilī, W. (1997), Al-Tafsīr al-munīr fī al-‘aqīdah wa al-sharī‘ah wa al-manhaj. Beirut, Dār al-Fekr al-Mu‘āṣir.
 Id. (1999), Tanbīh al-ghāflilīn wa tadhkirat al-‘arifīn. Edited by Muḥammad Jawād Dhihnī, transalted by Mullā Fatḥ Allāh Kāshānī, Tehran, Payām ῌaq Publications.
 
Classical and Contemporary Islamic Studies (formerly known as Journal of Contemporary Islamic Studies)
Volume 1, Issue 1
February 2019
Pages 175-189

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics